THE ROLE OF NON STATE ACTOR'S TOWARD DEVELOPMENT

Question.11.“Non-state actors play an important role in any country’s development, yet they are not expected to replace the role of government.” Discuss the statement with examples from any African country of your choice. 

    Non-state actors; Are individuals or organizations that operate outside the framework of government and play a significant role in   international relations. Examples of non-state actor includes transnational corporations, Non government organization (NGOs), Terrorist organizations, Criminal networks, International organizations (example world trade organization and Criminal court), Religion organizations, Activist groups, Media organizations, cyber criminals and Drug cartels. When those non – state they have many places, which can be played its role like in mining sectors, agriculture sectors, industries sectors, and other sectors. Government is the body or group of people that govern a day to day affairs of the country example President, PM Ministers, RCS They conduct the policy and affairs of a state on daily basis as well as controlling or influencing affairs of a state in this way government can be good or bad democratic. Those some non-state actors they are playing many roles more.  Some non-state actors indulge also in delivery of goods and services to their constituent’s .Te private sectors category of Non-state actors   has played and still play in economic, social, political, financial and cultural sectors. There some types on non- state actors, which includes. Business magnates are individuals who command large wealth, violent non- state actors are armed groups includes groups such as ISIS or criminal organizations, for example drug cartels, World citizens may be considered non-state actors if they are active outside their own country, people movements are mass movements which become influential with size and longevity. Examples includes the movement arising during the Arabs Spring of 2011,Non –governmental organizations (NGOs), which include international non- governmental organization (Ingo’s), are usually nonprofit    organizations seeking to effect change in humanitarian, education, ecological, healthcare, public policy, social, human right, environmental, and other areas. The following are role of non-state actors yet they are not expected to replace the role of government.    

       They improve accountability in a country, Example Non government organizations (NGOs) and media organization can help hold governments accountable for their actions by raising awareness of human rights abuses and other issues. When some cases non- state actors may also have the limited accountability, which can lead to negative consequences for communities.  Non state actor's   accountability we argue that another dimension of accountability is required to understand how non – state actors are held to account within global governance institution. Within the framework rules, norms, and procedures exist so that non- state actors can demand justifications horizontally from one another so through that non state it provide accountability to the government 

       Non-state actors  leads to the provision of employment opportunities; Non –actors such as private companies, non- government organizations (NGOs), and social enterprises, can play a significant role in providing employment opportunities. These actors can create jobs in various sectors, including agriculture, manufacturing, construction, and services.  They also often bring new technologies, skills, and investment to communities, which can stimulate economic growth and diversification. Additionally, non- state actors can offer more flexible working arrangements and alternative career paths, which can be especially beneficial for marginalized groups and those who may face challenges in   accessing traditional employment opportunities. Furthermore, non- state actors can also   they can create jobs directly through their operations and business activities. Non- state actors also can provide employment through entrepreneurship, by starting   and growing the own businesses, and through social enterprises, which aim to create both economic and social impact, and they can provide employment through   investment in   infrastructure, education-training program.

They provide support in social servicesided ; non – state actors  need to ensure education freedom and that every one is able to receive quality education on an equal basis. They made some schools like ST. Mary ST. Joseph, ST. Augustine. ST Anna, those are some of schools, which are controlled by religion o organization. However their involvement should not weaken or replace the public sectors precisely to guarantee the freedom of choice. These actors can provide health services directly to communities, including preventative care, treatment, and   education. They can also partner with the government to support and complement existing health systems. Additionally, non-state actors often bring unique resources such as funding, expertise, and innovative solutions, to the health sectors, which can improve the overall quality of health services and increase access to care for marginalized populations. Example of those health centers are KCMC in Kilimanjaro, AGAKAN,RABINISIA

         They provide financial support; also non state actors help in trading activity, this help to incres development of a country. Example in Tanzania Client ocean provide support in transport of goods and services to the people. Also established some organization help in development of financial activity and also help employee example in Tanzania non state actors formulate TABOA in Tabora region so that to help employee in industries. Also they contribute in then government revenue by paying taxes so through this help in the development of a country

     Non state actors help in promoting human rights; through promotion of human rights help to increase awerness to the people in then participate in the political, social and economy issue, also through provision of human rights help to maintain political stability and also help to increase accountability in country so through this help to increase development of various sectors, example in Tanzania NGOs provide some organization that is based in providing education about human rights and this help people to know they rights and encourage participation in development issue in Tanzania

      Apart from the role of non state actors there are some roles of government that could not interfered by the non state actors, that follows.

         Government have responsible for making law; the government making law in state so as to provide some rules that can govern they people but non state actors had no right to interfere government in making law but they duties is to advise the government, and the government had opportunity to listen or not because the government had more power than non state actors. Also non state actors work under government so non state actors had no saying in the government. But non state actors had chance to advise the government and his help in the development because through this help the government to get new ideas so that can help in the development of a country

          Government is responsible for creating and implementing policies; the government implementing some policies so that to help in the development of the country because country is governed by some policies, examples policies made in agriculture, trade, transportation and other sections, but the non state actors had no right to interfere in policies making but they have right to advise the government, and through this help in increase of development been because the government get new ideas in development, examples in Tanzania non state actors provide some advice in policies and help in development of Tanzania in some sectors like in agriculture

      The government had role to make budget in a country; budget in a country made by government and non state actors had no right to interfere in making budget, because the government have power in state, so they made budget so as to enable a country to live well because every country should make they are budget so as to ensure that expenditure of the government is going in appropriate way. But non state actors had right to advise the government, so through this help in the development of a country because the government get some new ideas in making budget and help to make good budget.

           Generally; Tanzania, non state actors like NGOs (Non government organization) civil society organizations and private corporations play an important role in supplementing the work of the government and filing the gaps   in services delivery, particularly in areas of health, education, and community development. Non-state actors are not meant to replace the role of the government. The government is responsible for creating and implementing policies, maintaining law and order, and providing basic services to its citizens. Non-state actors may supplement the work of the government but the can not replaced its role as the ultimate provider of these services and guardian of public interest. Government and non-state actors must work together to address the development needs of the country and its citizens. And there some limitations of non-state actors to the development   lack of legal recognition funding constraints, restrictive law and regulations political interference and lack of infrastructure like technologies.

   Reference

NGOs in Tanzania; The politics of voluntary Aid by Meredeth Turshen–published in 1996 by Zed Books

Civil society in Africa; The politics of Active Citizenship’’ edited by Simon Maxwell and Rajesh Tandon –published in 2003 by Earthscan publications.

‘‘The political Economy of Agriculture Market Reform in Tanzania ‘’ by Leonard Mjema and Aloyce N zuki – published in 2008 by   African Books Collective 

Tanzania; The path to prosperity’’ edited by B.L.M.Mwansasu and B.S.F. Othman  - published in 2009